Generational differences in dietary pattern among Brazilian adults born between 1934 and 1975: a latent class analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To identify generational differences in the dietary patterns of Brazilian adults born between 1934 and 1975. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study from the baseline of the multicentre Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) cohort. Year of birth was categorized into three birth generations: Traditionalists (born between 1934 and 1945); Baby Boomers (born between 1946 and 1964); and Generation X (born between 1965 and 1975). Food consumption was investigated using an FFQ. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify data-driven dietary patterns. SETTING: Brazil. SUBJECTS: Individuals (n 15 069) aged 35-74 years. RESULTS: A three-class model was generated from the LCA for each birth generation. Generation X presented higher energy intakes (kJ/kcal) from soft drinks (377·4/90·2) and sweets (1262·3/301·7) and lower energy intakes from fruit (1502·5/359·1) and vegetables (311·3/74·4) than Baby Boomers (283·7/67·8, 1047·7/250·4, 1756·0/419·7 and 365·3/87·3, respectively) and Traditionalists (186·2/44·5, 518·8/124·0, 1947·7/465·5 and 404·6/96·7, respectively). For Baby Boomers and Generation X, we found food patterns with similar structures: mixed pattern (22·7 and 29·7 %, respectively), prudent pattern (43·5 and 34·9 %, respectively) and processed pattern (33·8 and 35·4 %, respectively). Among Traditionalists, we could also identify mixed (30·9 %) and prudent (21·8 %) patterns, and a third pattern, named restricted dietary pattern (47·3 %). CONCLUSIONS: The younger generation presented higher frequencies of consuming a pattern characterized by a low nutritional diet, compared with other generations, indicating that they may age with a greater burden of chronic diseases. It is important to develop public health interventions promoting healthy foods, focusing on the youngest generations.

Perfil sociodemográfico, comportamental e nutricional de adultos atendidos em uma Clínica-escola de Nutrição em Salvador, Bahia / Sociodemographic, behavioral and nutritional profile of adults attending a School Clinic of Nutrition in Salvador, Bahia

Introdução: o levantamento das características da população que frequenta as clínicas-escola de Nutrição é indispensável para a organização do serviço, bem como para o planejamento e a implementação de estratégias de prevenção e controle de agravos nutricionais. Objetivo: identificar o perfil socioeconômico, demográfico, comportamental e nutricional de pacientes adultos atendidos em uma clínica-escola de Nutrição em Salvador, Bahia. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal, realizado com dados secundários obtidos de prontuários de pacientes adultos atendidos na clínica-escola de Nutrição de uma Instituição Pública de Ensino Superior, no período de julho de 2012 a junho de 2013. Resultados: a população do estudo foi constituída por 424 indivíduos, com predominância de: sexo feminino (83,7%); faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos (34,4%); autodeclarados pretos (54,2%); solteiros (53,8%); ensino médio completo (34,6%); renda familiar entre 1 e 3 salários mínimos (54,9%), não etilistas (58%) e não tabagistas (96,2%). A prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade foi de 37,3% e 35,6%, respectivamente. Conclusão: as características sociodemográficas e comportamentais e o estado nutricional, segundo o Índice de Massa Corporal, dos pacientes atendidos na clínica-escola foram semelhantes às descritas em estudos realizados em outros ambulatórios. O conhecimento do perfil dos usuários pode contribuir para a melhoria dos serviços prestados e planejamento de ações de educação nutricional efetivas.

Introduction: the gathering of the characteristics of the population who attends the school clinics of Nutrition is crucial for the organization of the service, as well as for the planning and implementation of strategies for prevention and control of nutritional disorders. Objective: to identify the socioeconomic, demographic, behavioral and nutritional profile of adult patients treated at a School Clinic of Nutrition in Salvador, Bahia. Methodology: this is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, performed with secondary data obtained from medical records of adults treated at the School Clinic of Nutrition of a Public Institution of Higher Education, from July 2012 to June 2013. Results: the population of the study consisted of 424 individuals, predominantly female (83.7%); age group varying from 20 to 29 years (34.4%); selfdeclared black (54.2%); single (53.8%); with complete high school level (34.6%); with family income between 1 and 3 minimum wages (54.9%), non-alcoholic (58%) and non-smokers (96.2%). The prevalence observed for overweight and obesity was 37.3% and 35.6%, respectively. Conclusion: the sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics and nutritional status, according to the Body Mass Index, of patients treated at the school clinic were similar to those described in studies performed in other outpatient clinics. The knowledge of the profile of users can contribute to the improvement of services provided and planning of effective nutrition education actions.